Gyratory crusher having anti-spin means for head

ABSTRACT

A gyratory or cone type crusher having a generally conical crushing head rotatably mounted on an upright eccentric so that the head is gyrated upon rotation of the eccentric. The stationary frame of the crusher has a crushing bowl including a concave which surrounds the crushing head and cooperates with it to form an annular crushing chamber. The material such as rock, ore, or other material to be processed is distributed to the crushing chamber by feeding the material into a hopper above the cone and concave, which material then falls into the annular space between the conical shaped head and the concave. The eccentric is continually rotated to cause the head to gyrate in respect to the concave, thereby effecting crushing action upon the material. Means are provided in the present crusher and located between the eccentric and the head for rotating the crusher head in a direction opposite to that in which the eccentric rotates, whereby the head is maintained rotationally stationary in respect to the concave at a no-load condition.

Elnited tates Patent [1 1 DeDiemar et a1.

[ GYRATORY CRUSHER HAVING ANTI-SPIN MEANS FOR HEAD [75] Inventors: Ronald B. DeDiemar, Brown Deer;

Le Roy J. Schuman, Milwaukee, both of Wis.

[73] Assignee: Barber-Greene Company, Aurora,

[22] Filed: Dec. 27, 1971 [21] Appl. No.: 212,553

[ 1 July 3,1973

Primary Examiner-Granville Y. Custer, .lr. Attorney-James E. Nilles 5 7] ABSTRACT A gyratory or cone type crusher having a generally conical crushing head rotatably mounted on an upright eccentric so that the head is gyrated upon rotation of the eccentric. The stationary frame of the crusher has a crushing bowl including a concave which surrounds the crushing head and cooperates with it to form an annular crushing chamber. The material such as rock, ore, or other material to be processed is distributed to the crushing chamber by feeding the material into a hopper above the cone and concave, which material then falls into the annular space between the conical shaped head and the concave. The eccentric is continually rotated to cause the head to gyrate in respect to the concave, thereby effecting crushing action upon the material. Means are provided in the present crusher and located between the eccentric and the head for rotating the crusher head in a direction opposite to that in which the eccentric rotates, whereby the head is maintained rotationally stationary in respect to the concave at a no-load condition.

7 Claims, 3 Drawing Figures GYRATORY CRUSHER HAVING ANTI-SPIN MEANS FOR HEAD BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The invention pertains to crushers for reducing rock and ore aggregate to the desired sizes. More particularly, the invention pertains to a gyratory or cone type crusher in which the crushing head is carried and rotatably mounted on an upright eccentric so that the head is gyrated upon rotating of the eccentric. The stationary frame of the crusher has a crushing bowl including a concave which surrounds the head and which cooperates therewith to form an annular crushing chamber. In these prior art devices, the head rotated relative to the concave due to the rotation of the eccentric upon which the head was mounted. This rotation occurred primarily when the hopper was empty that is to say when no crushing material or at least very little crushing material was in the crusher. When the material was then fed to the crusher, it acted to retard the rotation of the head and more particularly acted with detrimental abrasive action against the crushing elements, principally the concave.

An example of such prior art crusher is shown in the U.S. Pat. No. 3,533,568, which issued Oct. 13, 1970 to Archer et a1 and entitled Gyratory Crusher, and which has been assigned to an assignee common to the present invention.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a gyratory type crusher having a generally conical shaped crusher head rotatably mounted on a vertically positioned eccentric, the crusher also having a stationary concave generally located above the head to define therewith an annular crushing chamber. Means are provided between the eccentric and the head for rotating the head in a direction opposite to that in which the eccentric rotates, whereby the head is maintained rotationally stationary relative to the concave at a no-load condition, but while the eccentric acts to gyrate the head relative to the concave for crushing action, then the head may rotate slightly in a direction opposite to the rotation of the eccentric and relative to the concave.

The invention provides that the means for rotating the head includes a hydraulic motor and the volume of fluid passing through the motor is such that at a no-load condition the head is rotated at a speed equal to that in which the eccentric shaft rotates, but in the opposite direction, whereby the head is not rotated relative to the stationary concave.

Another aspect of the invention relates to a crusher of the above type including a lubricating system formed partially in the eccentric shaft and which acts to maintain the eccentric bearings in a lubricated condition, as well as passing through the head motor to then lubricate various other bearings in the crusher. The lubricating means also includes an intergral oil reservoir in the bottom of the crusher frame and a swivel coupling between the stationary frame and the rotatable eccentric.

These and other objects and advantages of the present invention will appear hereinafter as this disclosure progresses, reference being made to the accompanying drawings.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a vertical cross sectional view through a crusher embodying the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a transverse view of the drive connection plate between the motor and crusher head;

FIG. 3 is a transverse view of the motor mounting plate.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The crusher provided by the present invention includes a main frame F which is rigidly and stationarily mounted to any suitable supporting structure (not shown). The main frame has an annular concave support ring 2 supported on its annular, upwardly diverging surface 3 of the frame wall 1. The ring 2 is resiliently held in a downward position on the surface 3 by means of the series of tension bolts 4 and compression springs 5, which springs act against the flange 6 of the main frame and against the lower spring retaining ring 7 located on the lower end of the bolts 4. Thus the springs permit the upper ring to rise slightly when excessive loads are encountered by the crushing members to be described. The above general arrangement is shown and described, for example, in the U.S. Patent to Rumpel U.S. Pat. No. 2,881,981 of Apr. 14, 1959 and assigned to the same assignee of this application.

One of the crushing members is the conventional manganese concave ring 9 which is secured to the support ring 2 in the conventional manner. A hopper 11 is located at the top of the crusher for receiving material such as rock, ore or other material to be crushed.

A vertical extending eccentric shaft 8 is journalled by anti-friction roller bearings 10 and on the main frame, and an eccentric 12 is formed adjacent to the upper end of shaft 8. A counterbore 13 is also provided in the upper end of the eccentric 12 for a purpose that will hereinafter appear.

A vertically extending and centrally located lubrication passage 14 is located in the lower end of shaft 8 and is in communication with a chamber 15 in shaft 8 which inturn communicates with lubricating passages 16 and 17 extending, respectively to communicate with the anti-friction bearings 10 and vertically disposed roller anti-friction bearings 10a. Bearings 10a journal the eccentric shaft 8 in the main frame and absorb the radial thrust while the anti-friction bearings 10 are horizontally disposed and absorb the vertical thrust and weight of the eccentric shaft and its head 30, to be described.

The lower end of the frame is closed and sealed by a plate 20 and thus a fluid reservoir FR is formed at the bottom of the crusher. Fluid pressure from a lubrication pump (not shown) supplies lubricating fluid via conduit 21 to a swivel coupling 22 fixed on the bottom of gear 25, thereby supplying fluid to passage 14.

To the lower end of the eccentric shaft 8 is secured a large bevel gear 25 which is in constant mesh with the bevel pinion 26 which, in turn, is fixed to the drive shaft 27. Power is furnished to the drive shaft by the multiple V-pulley 28 which in turn is driven by a conventional power source (not shown).

A lower crushing member in the form of a generally conical shaped head 30 is journalled by the horizontally disposed, anti-friction roller bearing assemblies 31 on a generally horizontally extending portion 32 of the eccentric shaft 8. Additional anti-friction roller bearings 33 are vertically disposed between the upper portion of the eccentric and the vertical bore 35 of the head. Thus the head is journalled on the eccentric shaft in both radial and vertical thrust absorbing directions.

In accordance with the present invention, a hydraulic motor 40 is located and fixed in the counterbore 13 of the eccentric and a drive shaft 41 of the motor is connected to a drive plate 43 which in turn is fixed by the bolt means 44 to the head 30.

The drive plate 43 has a non-circular opening 43a (FIG. 2) which complements the cross sectional shape of the motor shaft 41, to form a driving connection therewith. The connection can easily be made by simply setting the head down on its bearings and causing the shaft to engage opening 43a.

A plate 45 is bolted by bolt means 46 to the upper end of the eccentric 12 and other bolt means 47 extend through plate 45 and into the top of the motor housing to thereby hold the motor firmly, but removably, in place in the eccentric without the necessity of removing the motor when the head is removed.

The motor 40 is of the Gerotor type and receives its driving pressure fluid through conventional inlet ports 42 in its housing and from the fluid pressurized chamber 15. After passing through the motor 40, the fluid then passes over and through bearings 33 and then through bearings 31. The fluid then passes through port means 48 to lubricate bearings 49 of the drive shaft, and then returns to the reservoir FR at the bottom of the crusher.

An oil level float switch assembly 50 is mounted in plate 20 and located in the reservoir. Electric wires 51 lead from the assembly to a control panel (not shown) to control the fluid level in the reservoir.

In this manner even though there is no material in the hopper or in the event the hopper is commencing to be filled, the head is maintained rotationally stationary in respect to the concave thereby eliminating wear on the crusher parts, specifically on the concave or on the head. The amount of fluid directed to the motor 40 is determined by an external pump (not shown) and orifice 52 in the eccentric. The eccentric speed, in turn, is substantially constant as determined by its electric motor drive (not shown). In this manner, the normal speed of the hydraulic motor is such that the rotational speed of the head is equal to the rotational speed of the eccentric at a no-load condition, but in the opposite direction.

I claim:

1. A gyratory type crusher having a stationary frame and a concave mounted in said frame, an eccentric rotationally mounted in said frame, a generally conical crushing head rotatably mounted on said eccentric for gyratory movement thereby and relative to said concave to effect a crushing action with said concave, and

power means connected to said head for rotating said head in a direction opposite to that in which said eccentric rotates to thereby hold said head rotationally stationary with respect to said concave while said crusher is not loaded with material.

2. The crusher set forth in claim I further characterized in that said means is mounted on said eccentric and is connected to said head.

3. The crusher set forth in claim 2 further characterized in that said means is a hydraulic motor, and bydraulic fluid is admitted to said motor in such an amount that when said crusher is not loaded with material to be crushed said head rotates at approximately the same rotational speed as said eccentric rotates but in the opposite direction.

4. A gyratory type crusher having a frame and a rotationally stationary concave mounted in said frame, an eccentric shaft rotationally mounted about a vertical axis in said frame, an eccentric on the upper end of said shaft, a generally conical crushing head rotatably mounted on said eccentric for gyratory movement thereby and relative to said concave to effect a crushing action with said concave, and a hydraulic motor mounted on said eccentric and having a driving connection with said head, whereby said motor can rotate said head in a direction opposite to that in which said eccentric rotates to thereby hold said head generally rotationally stationary with respect to said concave when said crusher is not loaded.

5. A gyratory type crusher having a stationary frame and a concave mounted in said frame, an eccentric shaft rotationally mounted in said frame, anti-friction bearing assemblies for mounting said eccentric shaft in said frame, a generally conical crushing head rotatably mounted on said eccentric shaft for gyratory movement thereby and relative to said concave to effect a crushing action with said concave, anti-friction bearing means for rotationally mounting said head on said shaft, fluid motor means mounted on said eccentric shaft for rotating said head in a direction opposite to that in which said eccentric rotates to thereby hold said head rotationally stationary with respect to said con cave when said crusher is not loaded, and fluid passage means in said eccentric shaft for conducting fluid pressure to said motor and to said bearings.

6. The crusher set forth in claim 5 including a rotary fluid coupling connected to said shaft and in communication with said passage means, and a fluid supply conduit mounted in said frame and in fluid communication with said coupling.

7. The crusher as defined in claim 6 including a fluid reservoir defined by said frame and beneath said shaft whereby the fluid after passing through said bearings collects in said reservoir. 

1. A gyratory type crusher having a stationary frame and a concave mounted in said frame, an eccentric rotationally mounted in said frame, a generally conical crushing head rotatably mounted on said eccentric for gyratory movement thereby and relative to said concave to effect a crushing action with said concave, and power means connected to said head for rotating said head in a direction opposite to that in which said eccentric rotates to thereby hold said head rotationally stationary with respect to said concave while said crusher is not loaded with material.
 2. The crusher set forth in claim 1 further characterized in that said means is mounted on said eccentric and is connected to said head.
 3. The crusher set forth in claim 2 further characterized in that said means is a hydraulic motor, and hydraulic fluid is admitted to said motor in such an amount that when said crusher is not loaded with material to be crushed said head rotates at approximately the same rotational speed as said eccentric rotates but in the opposite direction.
 4. A gyratory type crusher having a frame and a rotationally stationary concave mounted in said frame, an eccentric shaft rotationally mounted about a vertical axis in said frame, an eccentric on the upper end of said shaft, a generally conical crushing head rotatably mounted on said eccentric for gyratory movement thereby and relative to said concave to effect a crushing action with said concave, and a hydraulic motor mounted on said Eccentric and having a driving connection with said head, whereby said motor can rotate said head in a direction opposite to that in which said eccentric rotates to thereby hold said head generally rotationally stationary with respect to said concave when said crusher is not loaded.
 5. A gyratory type crusher having a stationary frame and a concave mounted in said frame, an eccentric shaft rotationally mounted in said frame, anti-friction bearing assemblies for mounting said eccentric shaft in said frame, a generally conical crushing head rotatably mounted on said eccentric shaft for gyratory movement thereby and relative to said concave to effect a crushing action with said concave, anti-friction bearing means for rotationally mounting said head on said shaft, fluid motor means mounted on said eccentric shaft for rotating said head in a direction opposite to that in which said eccentric rotates to thereby hold said head rotationally stationary with respect to said concave when said crusher is not loaded, and fluid passage means in said eccentric shaft for conducting fluid pressure to said motor and to said bearings.
 6. The crusher set forth in claim 5 including a rotary fluid coupling connected to said shaft and in communication with said passage means, and a fluid supply conduit mounted in said frame and in fluid communication with said coupling.
 7. The crusher as defined in claim 6 including a fluid reservoir defined by said frame and beneath said shaft whereby the fluid after passing through said bearings collects in said reservoir. 